Realities on Teen Pregnancy in America

Although the rate of jejune maternalism in the United States has declined greatly deep down the past few eld, it is still an enormous problem that directs to be addressed. These rates argon still higher in the 1990s than they were only a decade ago. The United States childish carryrate exceeds that of or so other industrialized nations, even though American youngagers argon no more perk upually brisk than juvenileagers are in Canada or europium. Recent statistics concerning the teen birthrates are alarming. Ab extinct 560,000 teenage girls place birth each year.Almost one-sixth of all births in the United States are to eenage women are to teenage women. octet in ten of these births go outed from unintended pregnancies. (Gormly 347) By the age of eighteen, one verboten of four teenage girls will hit do pregnant. (Newman 679) Although the onset of pregnancy whitethorn occur in any teenager, more or less teens are at higher risk for unplanned pregnancy than others . teenrs who draw sexually active at an earlier age are at a great risk primarily beca somatic exercise materialization teenagers are little liable(predicate) to use birthcontrol.African-American and Hispanic teenagers are twice as liable(predicate) to give birth as are white teenagers. Whites are more likely to have abortions. Teenagers who come from lamentable neighborhoods and attend segregated give instructions are at a high risk for pregnancy. Also, teenagers who are doing despicablely in cook and have few plans for the future are more likely to become parents than those who are doing well and have high educationsl and occupational expectations.Although the rate of teenage pregnancy is higher among low- income African-Americans and Hispanics, especially those in inner city ghettoes, the physique of births to teenagers is highest among white, nonpoor young women who live in mall cities and towns. (Calhoun 309) In addition to the promontory of which teenagers beco me pregnant, interest is shown in the social consequences of early parenthood. Adolescent parents (mostly dumbfounds) whitethorn find that they have a lost or limit opportunity for education. (Johnson 4)The higher a womans level of education, the more likely she is to postpone marriage and childbearing. Adolescents with little schooling are often twice as likely as those with more education to have a baby bafore their twentieth birthday. Some 58% of young women in he United States who gather up less than a high school education give birth by the time they are twenty years old, compared with 13% of young women who complete at least twelve years of schooling. (Tunick 11) Teens who become pregnant during high school are more likely to drop out. Calhoun 310)A teen mother leaves school because she cannot manage the task of caring for a baby and stu dying(p), and a teen father unremarkably chooses a art over school so that he can pay bills and countenance for his child. (Johnson 4) Teen mothers usually have fewer resources than older mothers because they have had less time to gather avings or build up their productivity through work experience, education, or training. (Planned Parenthood 1) Because of this, teen mothers are generally poor and are dependent on government support. Newman 679)The welfare system is usually the only support a teen parent will receive. eudaimonia benefits are higher for families with absent fathers or dependent children. (Calhoun 309) In some cases, teen mothers may likewise receive help like Medicaid, food Stamps, and Aid to Families with Dependent Besides educational and financial problems, teenage mothers may face a great deal f emotional variation and may become very stressed. Teen mothers may have limited social contacts and friendships because they do not have time for anything other than their baby. wishing of a social life and time for herself may cause the teenage mother to become depressed or have severe mental a nxiety. (Johnson 5) Depression may become worse for a teenage mother because she usually does not know more about child suppuration or about how to care for their children. Children who are born to teenage mothers usually bruise from poor parenting. (Berk 188) Also, children of teenage parents start being exually active in front their peers and they are more likely to become teenage parents themselves.These children may also suffer from financial difficulties similar to that of their parents. Children whose mothers are age seventeen or young are three times as likely as their peers to be poor, and are likely to stay poor for a interminable period of time. (Calhoun 311) The children born to teenage mothers sometimes score lower on development tests than the children of older mothers. It bes that rather than declining over time, educational deficits increase in severity and the children show lower academic chievement, higher drop out rates, and are more likely to be held back in school. Teenage pregnancy comes with not only a child, but also legion(predicate) consequences.Teen mothers face greater health risks than older mothers, such as anemia, pregnancy induced hypertension, toxemia, premature delivery, cervical trauma, and even death. Many of these health risks are due to inadequate prenatal care and support, rather than physical immaturity. The teenage mother is more likely to be undernourished and suffer premature and prolonged labor. (Calhoun 311) The death rate from pregnancy omplications are much higher among girls who give birth under age fifteen. (Gormly 347)Poor win habits, smoking, alcohol and drugs increase the risk of having a baby with health problems. Johnson 3) The younger the teenage mother is, the higher the chances are that she and her baby will have health problems. This is mainly due to late prenatal care (if any) and poor nutrition. (Planned Parenthood 1) An adolescent mother and her baby may not check enough nutrients and, because the mothers body is not fully mature, she may have some(prenominal) complications throughout the duration of the pregnancy. Along with the mother, the children of teenage parents overly often become part of a cycle of poor health, school failure, and poverty.Infants born to teenage mothers are at a high risk of prematurity, fragile health, the charter for intensive care, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and mental retardation. (Johnson 5) Low birth weight is the most immediate health problem. Babies born to teenagers are often born too small, too soon. Low birthweight babies may have immature organ systems (brain, lungs, and heart), problem controlling body temperature and blood sugar levels, and a risk of dying in early infancy that is much igher than that of normal weight babies (five and half pounds or more). Calhoun 310)The death rate for babies whose mothers are under fifteen years of age is double that of babies whose mothers are twenty to thirty years old. (Johnson 5) Because of these passing serious problems, many government, as well as local, organizations are flake to stop the occurence of teenage pregnancy by helping to educate children of the risks snarled and the consequences after. Some research indicates that the percentage of teenage birthrates has declined simply because fewer eenagers are having sexual intercourse and more adolescents are using contraceptives.Researchers register that the young trends in sexual activity and contraceptive use are the result of a number of factors, including greater emphasis on abstinence, more standpat(prenominal) attitudes about sex, fear of contracting sexually communicate diseases, the popularity of long-lasting birthcontrol methods such as the contraceptive implant (Norplant) and the injectable (Depo-Provera), and even because of the economy. In addition, researchers say that young race have become somewhat more conservativist in their views about casual ex and out-of-wedlock childbearing.S ome attribute this win over in attitude mainly to concern about sexually transmitted diseases. Others say that it is because of the involvement of conservative religious groups in the public compete over sexual behavior. Many researchers think that the strong economy and the increase availability of jobs at minimum wage have contributed to fewer births among teenagers. (Donovan 32) Americans, however, seem to be against some of the methods used by these various organizations to reduce the teen pregnancy rates.The most controversial aspect of adolescent pregnancy cake is the growing movement to provide teenagers with easy access to contraceptives. Most Americans believe that giving teenagers birthcontrol pills and/or condoms is the same as telling them that early sex is allowed. Some studies that were conducted in Europe show that some clinics in Europe that distribute contraceptives to teenagers have the same sexual activity rate as in the United States. However, in these Europ ean studies, it is apparent that teen pregnancy, childbirth, and abortion rates areTeenage pregnancy does cause many problems for the mother, child, and economy. on that point are, however, some incidences where the mother overcomes this down-hill trend and makes a successful life for her and her child. The force of teenage pregnancy turns out check if the mother goes back to school after she has presumption birth. (Berk 190) Staying in school may help to hold teenage mothers from having a second pregnancy. (Planned Parenthood 2) The outcome is also better if the mother continues to live with her parents so that they can help to raise the child.Young, teen mothers sine qua non health care for themselves as well as their children. An adolescent mother also needs a great deal of cost increase to get her to remain in school. Single teenage mothers also need job training so that they can get a dandy job to support themselves and their children. Teen mothers need to be taught par enting and life-management skills and also need high quality and affordable daycare for their children. Schools that provide daycare centers on campus reduce the incidence of teenagers dropping out of school. These school programs also ecrease the likelihood that the teen mother will have more children. Berk 189)Because the government has begun to take action in preventing teen pregnancies, the rate has continued to decline. The large verse of young citizenry in Americaas well as the values, health, education, skills they gainwill greatly affect the future of society. Therefore, increased attending should be given to the well-being of adolescents. Since greater care is being given to the young people, improvements are already occuring. The level of education that young people receive is much higher than that of their parents, and he expectation that young people should obtain at least some secondary schooling is growing.The poem of women who have a child during their teen years is declining, and recognizing the impact of childbearing on education, parents and communities are continuing to discourage sexual activity, marriage, and motherhood at a young age. (Tunick 13) These recent trends, if continued, will more than likely educate the adolescent population about the risks and consequences of teenage pregnancy and reduce the incicence of teen pregnancy and childbirth altogether.